Software Architecture 2026 by O'Reilly

As Python continues to grow in popularity, projects are becoming larger and more complex. Many Python developers are taking an interest in high-level software design patterns such as hexagonal/clean architecture, event-driven architecture, and the strategic patterns prescribed by domain-driven design (DDD). But translating those patterns into Python isn’t always straightforward. With this hands-on guide, Harry Percival and Bob Gregory from MADE.com introduce proven architectural design patterns to help Python developers manage application complexity—and get the most value out of their test suites. Each pattern is illustrated with concrete examples in beautiful, idiomatic Python, avoiding some of the verbosity of Java and C# syntax. Patterns include: Dependency inversion and its links to ports and adapters (hexagonal/clean architecture) Domain-driven design’s distinction between Entities, Value Objects, and Aggregates Repository and Unit of Work patterns for persistent storage Events, commands, and the message bus Command-query responsibility segregation (CQRS) Event-driven architecture and reactive microservices

With the increasing complexity of modern cloud-based systems, an effective enterprise architecture program is more critical than ever. In this practical book, author Tanu McCabe from Capital One provides proven frameworks and practices to define an effective enterprise architecture strategy—one that will enable software and enterprise architects to create and implement great architecture strategies. You'll learn how to create shared alignment across business and technology, embed architecture practices into processes and tooling, incorporate technology and business trends, and instill contextual understanding over siloed decision-making. Complete with examples of patterns and antipatterns, this book provides reusable templates, assessment tools, and practical advice. With this book, you will: Understand exactly what enterprise architecture is, and why it's important to build an effective enterprise architecture practice Learn who needs to be involved to define and implement architecture strategies Examine common pitfalls that inhibit effective architecture strategies Assess the current state of your organization's architecture practice to identify opportunities for improvement Define your own architecture strategy at both an organizational and personal level by applying the book's frameworks Enhance your ability to make great architecture decisions using the frameworks and lessons provided Tanusree (Tanu) McCabe is a distinguished engineer who leads public cloud strategy at CVS and formerly led enterprise architecture strategy at Capital One as an executive distinguished engineer.

How will software development and operations have to change to meet the sustainability and green needs of the planet? And what does that imply for development organizations? In this eye-opening book, sustainable software advocates Anne Currie, Sarah Hsu, and Sara Bergman provide a unique overview of this topic—discussing everything from the likely evolution of national grids to the effect those changes will have on the day-to-day lives of developers. Ideal for everyone from new developers to CTOs, Building Green Software tackles the challenges involved and shows you how to build, host, and operate code in a way that's not only better for the planet but also cheaper and relatively low-risk for your business. Most hyperscale public cloud providers have already committed to net-zero IT operations by 2030. This book shows you how to get on board. You'll explore: How the energy transition is likely to change hosting on prem and in the cloud—and how your company can prepare The fundamental architectural principles of sustainable software development and how to apply them How to determine which parts of your system need to change The concept of extending hardware longevity and the part that software plays

Welcome to the systems age, where software professionals are no longer building software—we're building systems of software. Change is continuously deployed across software ecosystems coordinated by responsive infrastructure. In this world of increasing relational complexity, we need to think differently. Many of our challenges are systemic. This book shows you how systems thinking can guide you through the complexity of modern systems. Rather than relying on traditional reductionistic approaches, author Diana Montalion shows you how to expand your skill set so we can think, communicate, and act as healthy systems. Systems thinking is a practice that improves your effectiveness and enables you to lead impactful change. Through a series of practices and real-world scenarios, you'll learn to shift your perspective in order to design, develop, and deliver better outcomes. You'll learn: How linear thinking limits your ability to solve system challenges Common obstacles to systems thinking and how to move past them New skills and practices that will transform how you think, learn, and lead Methods for thinking well with others and creating sound recommendations How to measure success in the midst of complexity and uncertainty

Organizations today often struggle to balance business requirements with ever-increasing volumes of data. Additionally, the demand for leveraging large-scale, real-time data is growing rapidly among the most competitive digital industries. Conventional system architectures may not be up to the task. With this practical guide, you’ll learn how to leverage large-scale data usage across the business units in your organization using the principles of event-driven microservices. Author Adam Bellemare takes you through the process of building an event-driven microservice-powered organization. You’ll reconsider how data is produced, accessed, and propagated across your organization. Learn powerful yet simple patterns for unlocking the value of this data. Incorporate event-driven design and architectural principles into your own systems. And completely rethink how your organization delivers value by unlocking near-real-time access to data at scale. You’ll learn: How to leverage event-driven architectures to deliver exceptional business value The role of microservices in supporting event-driven designs Architectural patterns to ensure success both within and between teams in your organization Application patterns for developing powerful event-driven microservices Components and tooling required to get your microservice ecosystem off the ground

An application programming interface (API) enables data exchange in systems such as web applications, microservices, and IoT devices. In this hands-on book, authors Lukasz Dynowski and Marcin Dulak show software developers and architects how to design and implement REST, GraphQL, gRPC, webhooks, WebSocket, messaging APIs, and more. This book looks at the most popular API styles from a network, application, and architecture perspective. You'll learn how to determine the appropriate type of API for your application use case and how to tackle design decisions along the way. You'll also learn the trade-offs between various APIs and acquire practical knowledge of how to implement them. Explore the origins and evolution of API styles Learn network protocols that various APIs use Understand the trade-offs of each API style Select an appropriate API style Learn how to implement, secure, and document the APIs

To deliver the insights that give them a competitive advantage, organizations increasingly turn to the proven Medallion architecture. Yet implementing a robust data architecture can be difficult, particularly when it comes to using the Medallion architecture's Bronze, Silver, and Gold layers—done wrong, it can hamper your ability to make data-driven decisions. This practical guide helps you build a Medallion architecture the right way with Azure Databricks and Microsoft Fabric. Drawing on hands-on experience from the field, Piethein Strengholt demystifies common assumptions and complex problems you'll face when embarking on a new data architecture. Architects and engineers of all stripes will find answers to the most typical questions along with insights from real organizations about what's worked, what hasn't, and why. You'll learn: Learn how to build a Medallion architecture with Azure Databricks and Microsoft Fabric Gain insights from three real case studies that illustrate practical field experience and lessons learned Explore scaling considerations, including governance, security, generative AI, and more Make informed decisions when designing or implementing new data architectures Get proven patterns for success that align with broader organizational objectives

Most organizations with a web presence build and operate APIs; the doorway for customers to interact with the company's services. Designing, building, and managing these critical programs affect everyone in the organization, from engineers and product owners to C-suite executives. But the real challenge for developers and solution architects is creating an API platform from the ground up. With this practical book, you'll learn strategies for building and testing REST APIs that use API gateways to combine offerings at the microservice level. Authors James Gough, Daniel Bryant, and Matthew Auburn demonstrate how simple additions to this infrastructure can help engineers and organizations migrate to the cloud; and open the opportunity to connect internal services using technologies like a service mesh. Learn API fundamentals and architectural patterns for building an API platform Use practical examples to understand how to design, build, and test API-based systems Deploy, operate, and configure key components of an API platform Use API gateways and service meshes appropriately, based on case studies Understand core security and common vulnerabilities in API architecture Secure data and APIs using threat modeling and technologies like OAuth2 and TLS Learn how to evolve existing systems toward API- and cloud-based architectures

Dominated by streaming data and events, the next generation of software development optimizes not only how technology interacts but also how businesses integrate with one another to meet customer needs. This phenomenon, called flow , consists of patterns and standards that determine which activity and related data is communicated between parties over the internet. This book explores the critical implications of that evolution: What happens when event and data stream standards help you discover new activity sources to enhance existing businesses or drive new markets? What technologies and architectural patterns can position your company for opportunities enabled by flow? James Urquhart, global field CTO at Pivotal Cloud Foundry, guides enterprise architects, software developers, and product managers through: The business imperative for flow Why worldwide flow is likely to happen The factors that will enable flow in next 5-10 years What you can do to take advantage of worldwide flow as it evolves A Wardley map exploration that shows why worldwide flow is predictable.

This report explores the concept of a digital business platform as a way of empowering individual business sectors to act on data in real time.

There are no easy decisions in software architecture. Instead, there are many hard parts--difficult problems or issues with no best practices--that force you to choose among various compromises. With this book, you'll learn how to think critically about the trade-offs involved with distributed architectures. Architecture veterans and practicing consultants Neal Ford, Mark Richards, Pramod Sadalage, and Zhamak Dehghani discuss strategies for choosing an appropriate architecture. By interweaving a story about a fictional group of technology professionals--the Sysops Squad--they examine everything from how to determine service granularity, manage workflows and orchestration, manage and decouple contracts, and manage distributed transactions to how to optimize operational characteristics, such as scalability, elasticity, and performance. By focusing on commonly asked questions, this book provides techniques to help you discover and weigh the trade-offs as you confront the issues you face as an architect. Analyze trade-offs and effectively document your decisions Make better decisions regarding service granularity Understand the complexities of breaking apart monolithic applications Manage and decouple contracts between services Handle data in a highly distributed architecture Learn patterns to manage workflow and transactions when breaking apart applications

Distributed systems have become more fine-grained in the past 10 years, shifting from code-heavy monolithic applications to smaller, self-contained microservices. But developing these systems brings its own set of headaches. With lots of examples and practical advice, this book takes a holistic view of the topics that system architects and administrators must consider when building, managing, and evolving microservice architectures. Microservice technologies are moving quickly. Author Sam Newman provides you with a firm grounding in the concepts while diving into current solutions for modeling, integrating, testing, deploying, and monitoring your own autonomous services. You’ll follow a fictional company throughout the book to learn how building a microservice architecture affects a single domain. Discover how microservices allow you to align your system design with your organization’s goals Learn options for integrating a service with the rest of your system Take an incremental approach when splitting monolithic codebases Deploy individual microservices through continuous integration Examine the complexities of testing and monitoring distributed services Manage security with user-to-service and service-to-service models Understand the challenges of scaling microservice architectures

With this practical book, architects, CTOs, and CIOs will learn a set of patterns for the practice of architecture, including analysis, documentation, and communication. Author Eben Hewitt shows you how to create holistic and thoughtful technology plans, communicate them clearly, lead people toward the vision, and become a great architect or Chief Architect. This book covers each key aspect of architecture comprehensively, including how to incorporate business architecture, information architecture, data architecture, application (software) architecture together to have the best chance for the system's success. Get a practical set of proven architecture practices focused on shipping great products using architecture Learn how architecture works effectively with development teams, management, and product management teams through the value chain Find updated special coverage on machine learning architecture Get usable templates to start incorporating into your teams immediately Incorporate business architecture, information architecture, data architecture, and application (software) architecture together.

Building software is harder than ever. As a developer, you not only have to chase ever-changing technological trends but also need to understand the business domains behind the software. This practical book provides you with a set of core patterns, principles, and practices for analyzing business domains, understanding business strategy, and, most importantly, aligning software design with its business needs. Author Vlad Khononov shows you how these practices lead to robust implementation of business logic and help to future-proof software design and architecture. You'll examine the relationship between domain-driven design (DDD) and other methodologies to ensure you make architectural decisions that meet business requirements. You'll also explore the real-life story of implementing DDD in a startup company. With this book, you'll learn how to: Analyze a company's business domain to learn how the system you're building fits its competitive strategy Use DDD's strategic and tactical tools to architect effective software solutions that address business needs Build a shared understanding of the business domains you encounter Decompose a system into bounded contexts Coordinate the work of multiple teams Gradually introduce DDD to brownfield projects

Software as a service (SaaS) is on the path to becoming the de facto model for building, delivering, and operating software solutions. Adopting a multi-tenant SaaS model requires builders to take on a broad range of new architecture, implementation, and operational challenges. How data is partitioned, how resources are isolated, how tenants are authenticated, how microservices are built—these are just a few of the many areas that need to be on your radar when you're designing and creating SaaS offerings. In this book, Tod Golding, a global SaaS technical lead at AWS, provides an end-to-end view of the SaaS architectural landscape, outlining the practical techniques, strategies, and patterns that every architect must navigate as part of building a SaaS environment. Describe, classify, and characterize core SaaS patterns and strategies Identify the key building blocks, trade-offs, and considerations that will shape the design and implementation of your multi-tenant solution Examine essential multi-tenant architecture strategies, including tenant isolation, noisy neighbor, data partitioning, onboarding, identity, and multi-tenant DevOps Explore how multi-tenancy influences the design and implementation of microservices Learn how multi-tenancy shapes the operational footprint of your SaaS environment

As the digital economy changes the rules of the game for enterprises, the role of software and IT architects is also transforming. Rather than focus on technical decisions alone, architects and senior technologists need to combine organizational and technical knowledge to effect change in their company’s structure and processes. To accomplish that, they need to connect the IT engine room to the penthouse, where the business strategy is defined. In this guide, author Gregor Hohpe shares real-world advice and hard-learned lessons from actual IT transformations. His anecdotes help architects, senior developers, and other IT professionals prepare for a more complex but rewarding role in the enterprise. This book is ideal for: Software architects and senior developers looking to shape the company’s technology direction or assist in an organizational transformation Enterprise architects and senior technologists searching for practical advice on how to navigate technical and organizational topics CTOs and senior technical architects who are devising an IT strategy that impacts the way the organization works IT managers who want to learn what’s worked and what hasn’t in large-scale transformation

The software architect role is evolving. As systems and their interactions with the teams that build, run, and evolve them become more complex, it's often impossible for those playing the traditional architect roles to be everywhere they need to be. There's simply too much architecture to be done, and the situation has reached a breaking point. There's a better way. Author Andrew Harmel-Law shows you how architects and development teams can collaborate to create and evolve more efficient architectures for their systems. Techniques in this book will help you learn how to create a mindset that allows everyone to practice architecture and build the best systems they've ever experienced. With this book, you will: Understand the new dynamics that affect modern software delivery Learn a methodology that brings software architecture and development together Nurture the fundamental interplay of decisions, advice, architecture, and feedback from running systems Initiate practices that maximize benefits and mitigate risks Create an approach tuned to architecture, everyone's skills, and your organization's culture

Software architecture metrics are key to the maintainability and architectural quality of a software project and they can warn you about dangerous accumulations of architectural and technical debt early in the process. In this practical book, leading hands-on software architects share case studies to introduce metrics that every software architect should know. This isn't a book about theory. It's more about practice and implementation, about what has already been tried and worked. Detecting software architectural issues early is crucial for the success of your software: it helps mitigate the risk of poor performance and lowers the cost of repairing those issues. Written by practitioners for software architects and software developers eager to explore successful case studies, this guide will help you learn more about decision and measurement effectiveness. Through contributions from 10 prominent practitioners, this book shares key software architecture metrics to help you set the right KPIs and measure the results. You'll learn how to: Measure how well your software architecture is meeting your goals Choose the right metrics to track (and skip the ones you don't need) Improve observability, testability, and deployability Prioritize software architecture projects Build insightful and relevant dashboards